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Nawab Mir Nizam Ali Khan Siddiqi Bahadur Asaf Jah II (7 March 1734 – 6 August 1803) was the Nizam of Hyderabad State in South India between 1762 and 1803. He was born on March 7, 1734 as fourth son to Asaf Jah I and Umda Begum. His official name is ''Asaf Jah II, Nizam ul-Mulk, Nizam ud-Daula, Nawab Mir Nizam 'Ali Khan Siddiqi Bahadur, Fath Jang, Sipah Salar, Nawab Subedar of the Deccan''. ==Nizam of Hyderabad== Nizam Ali was appointed as the leading commander and administrator of the Deccan in the year 1759, his successful methods of fighting against the Marathas had earned him much repute as a capable commander. After the Marathas were routed during the Third Battle of Panipat in the year 1761, Nizam Ali and his army of 60,000 immediately advanced and repulsed them as far as Puna and forced them to sue for lasting peace. Nizam Ali then seized the Bidar Fort and later arrested Salabat Jung, this action of Nizam Ali Khan was ratified by the Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II, who issued a Firman terminating Salabat Jung, from his position as the Subedar of Deccan and appointing Nizam Ali Khan Asaf Jah II as his successor.〔History of modern Deccan, 1720/1724-1948: Volume 1〕 Immediately after recapturing the throne Shah Alam II in 1772, came under the influence of Nizam Ali Khan the Nizam of Hyderabad, an ineffective ruler who could not increase his vassal state or expand its power. Nizam Ali Khan was very fearful of the rise of highly capable figures such as Hyder Ali and made every effort to downgrade the relations between the Mughal Emperor and the Sultanate of Mysore.〔http://books.google.com.pk/books?id=Z4-8Z0gqBkoC&pg=PA11&dq=hyder+ali+and+mughal+emperor+shah+alam+ii&hl=en&sa=X&ei=wDcRT_P2HoOhOpyngb0H&ved=0CDEQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=hyder%20ali%20and%20mughal%20emperor%20shah%20alam%20ii&f=false〕 Asaf Jah II became the subahdar of the Deccan on July 8, 1762. He transferred his capital from Aurangabad to Hyderabad in 1763 as Aurangabad was very close to Maratha Territory and therefore prone to aggression. In 1762, Raghunathrao allied with the Nizam due to mutual distrust and differences with Madhavrao Peshwa. The Nizam marched towards Poona. In 1763, Madhavrao defeated Nizam at Battle of Rakshasbhuvan and signed a treaty with the Marathas. In 1795, he was defeated by the Marathas and was forced to cede Daulatabad, Aurangabad and Sholapur and pay an indemnity of Rs. 30 million.〔The Marathas 1600-1818, Band 2 by Stewart Gordon p.169〕 The following year, judging himself menaced by Tipu Sultan of Mysore, he entered into Subsidiary Alliance with the British East India Company . Thus Hyderabad, which is in both area and population comparable to the United Kingdom, became a princely state within the British Raj. A French general, Monsieur Raymond, served as his military leader, strategist and advisor. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Nizam Ali Khan, Asaf Jah II」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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